Gas burner



Patented Jan. 10, 1933 entre!) sTA'rEs PATE GASTON BROWN KILLAM, 0F DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO KILLM BURNER COMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A CORPORATION OF COLORADO GAS BURNER Application filed. May 2S,

This invention relates to improvements in gas burners of the type employed for heating purposes and which are especially adapted for use with natural gas.

Itis the object of this invention to produce a gas burner of a simple construction that shall be especially well adapted for use with natural gas for heating buildings and which shall be so designed that it can be readily employed for converting ordinary coal burning furnacos and heaters into furnaces and heaters.

lt is another object of this invention to produce a burner of such construction that the gas shall be thoroughly mixed with air in such quantities that a complete combustion takes place, and therefore there will be no soot and a high thermal eiiiciency will be obtained. v

Another object of this invention is to produce a gas burner that shall be provided with means for supplying auxiliary. air that has previously been heated to a high temperature and that there will always be a slight excess mixing it with the flame so of oxygen thereby assuring that all the heat units in the gas will be converted into heat.

rl`his invention, briefly described, consists of a vertical tubular member whose upper en is open and whose lower end is provided with an adjustable closure. Surrounding the tubular member adjacent vits upper end is a circular wall whose lower end is connected with the tubular member so as to form an annular chamber. A gas pipe is connected with this chamber and supplies a mixture of air and gas which escapes through the open end of the chamber. A frusto conical detlector plate is secured to the tubular member and located directly above the annular chamber. The is spaced a short distance from the upper end of the cylindrical wall that forms the outer surface of the chamber so as to leave an annular space through which the gas may escape. A frusto-conical member is located above the deiector and supported by the latter but spaced a short distance from it. The center of this frusto-conical member is provided with an opening that is larger than gas burningd ported lower surface of the dellector P 1930. Serial No. 456,511.

tail, and for this purpose reference will be had to the accompanying drawing in whichv the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated, and in which:

Fig. .1 shows a side elevation of the improved burner, portions thereof being shown in section to better disclose the construction.

Fig. 2 is a plan view looking down upon the refractory spreader, that is supported on the burner, this view being taken looking in the direction of arrow 2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3 3, Fig. l; and

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4-4, Fig. 3.

In the drawing reference numeral l represents the floor on which the furnace issupand 2 the walls of the combustion chamber, while 3 indicates the ashbox. L0- .cated within the combustion chamber isthe improved burner which consists of a vertically tubular member 4, whose lower end is connected with an elbow 5. rlhis elbow is supported from a base 6 by meansof a short piece of pipe 7. A pipe 8 extends outwardly froml the elbow and terminates in a fitting 9 that is provided with' a movable cover 10. rlhis cover can be moved from the position shown in Fig. l so as to close the opening in ipe 8 and can therefore be used for controlling the How of air through the tubular meinber. Surrounding the tubular member near its upper end is a cylindrical wall 11 whose lower end is connected with the tubular member as indicated at'12. The inner surface of wall 11 is spaced from the outer surface of the tubular member and forms an annular chamber 13, to the bottom of which the gas pipe 14 is connected. 'A frusto-conical deflector 15 is supported by the tubular member a short distance above the upper end of wall 11 and serves to deflect the gas outwardly. A frusto-conical member 16 is supported by the deflector 15 and spaced from thelatter by means of spacers 17. Member 16 is pro- 'Jlded with a central opening 18 through which the tubular member 4 extends. The upper end of the frusto-conical memberis provided with a cover or closure 19, which in turn has an upwardly extending centrally located extension 20 that has an enlarged head 21. Spreader members 22 of refractory materials are supported on the upper surface of the cover and have portions projecting under the head 21 in the manner shown in Fig. 1. The lower end of gas pipe 14 is connected with an elbow 23 from which a pipe 24 extends outwardly7 and connects with the inner end 25'of the mixing device which will now be described. Pipe 24 `constitutes part of the burner nozzle and terminates in au annular chamber 13. The mixing device consists of the part 25 to which reference has already been made and which is provided with anoutwardly extendin flange 26 to which the circular sleeve 27 1s attached. A funnelshaped member having a tubular portion 28 and an outwardly flared frusto-eonical portion 29 is preferably formed integral with member 25, and is connected to and spaced from the latter by means of ribs 30. The

outer' end of member 29 has a diametrically extending rib 31 whose center portion is provided with an enlarged part 32 whose inner end has a small opening 33. A gas pipe 34 is connected with the open end of part 32 in the manner shown in Fig. 4. The outer end of cylindrical member 27 is closed b means of a plate 35 that has a plurality o sector- Shaped'openings 36. A movable plate 37 is rotatably mounted on the pipe 34 and held in position against plate 35 by means 'of a nut or collar 38. Th1s plate has openings 36a that are of the same size and shape as the openings 36 in plate 35. When plate 37 is in the position shown in F ig. 3, the openings 36 and 36a register and therefore provide passage through which air may enter. Plate 37 is provided on one side with an arm 39 to the outer end of which a wire or cable 40 is secured. This cable extends upwardly and 'is connected with the operating lever 41 of the gas controlled valve which will be referred to hereinafter. Cylindrical member 27 is'provided on one side with an opening 42 and this opening can be closed by means of a cove:` 43

. that is hinged at its upper end as indicated at 44. This cover is provided with a pin 45 that extends outwardly from one side thereof, and which is adapted' to be engaged by the cam surface 46 of arm 39. When plate 37 is rotated in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3, the'cam surface 46 comes into contact with pin 45 and opens the cover 43 so as to permit air to enter through opening 42. A wre 47 connects the operating lever 41 with the closure 1() so that when lever 4l moves upwardly into the position shown in Fig. 1, it opens the covers 10 and 43 and also rotates plate 37 into such position that the openings 36 and 36a register. A chain orwire 48 connects the outer end of lever 41 with a thermostatically controlled mechanism that turns'the gas on and off at predetermined temperatures. A weight 49 tends to move the' lever 41 downwardly and a similar weight 50 tends to rotate plate 37 in a counter-clockwise direction. The automatic gas valve has been designated as an entirety by reference numeral 51 and is shown in Fig. 1 in open position. When the .tension on wire 48 is released, weight 49 will the valve part upwardly until the spring 52 passes through the dead center position and moves the valve to closed position by a snap actlon, and at the same time closes openings 36 and moves the covers 10 and 43 to closed position.A A pilot burner which has not been shown is usually provided for the purpose lof igniting the gas when the control valve is again moved to open position.

When the control valve is in open position gas Hows through pipe 34 into the interior of the nozzle 32 and emerges at high velocity through opening 33. This produces a suction that causes primary air to'flow inwardly through openings 36 as yindicated by arrow 53. This air mixes with the gas and the mixture of gas and air then flows through the tubular nozzle 28 and emerges from this at a high velocity, thereby producing suction that draws auxiliary prlmary air inwardly through opening 42 in the direction of arrow 54. This air will be referred to as the auxiliary primary air and by properly proportioning the primary and auxiliary primary? air, an ideal combustion can be obtained. This mixture of gas and air flows through pipes 24 and 14 into chamber 13 and emerges through the annular space between the wall of this chamber and the defiectt.,L 15 which l spreads the fiame outwardly against the inner wall of the combustion chamber. The iow of gas upwardly along plate 15 produces an area of low pressure between tlfe edge o f the defiector and the outer surface of frustoconical member 16 and thereby induces secondary air to flow upwardly through the tubular member into the chamber in member 16 and thence downwardly and out through the space between the defiector and frustoconical member 16. This secondary air develops the fiame and is highly heated due to the fact that it passes slowly through the chamber within member 16. The heated secondary air combines readily with the combustible carbon particles of the gas with the result that the combustion is ver complete and therefore a. high thermal e eiencyl obtained. When the secondary air comes into contact with the flame, a blast like eiect is produced and the temperature of the flame is greatl increased.,

In t e'embodiment illustrated in the drawing and specifically described herein the passage for the secondary air is formed by placing member 16 with its lower end inside of member 15 and spacing the adjacent surfaces by means of lugs 17. The amount of the overlap is immaterial and this is merely an example showing one way in which the opening-for the air can be formed. It is also obvious that member 16.also serves as a deector or spreader and that it in effect forms a continuation of surface 15.

From the above description it will be s'een that I have produced a burner of a simple construction that is es ecially well adapted for use in connection with furnaces and other l heaters and which is so constructed that air is supplied at three diierent places, thereby producing a thorough mixture of gas and air and at the same time supplying a large quantity of secondar air that has been highly preheated, where y a high thermal efficiency is obtained.

Having described the invention what is claimed as new is: l

l. A gas burner comprising a central tubular member having one end open and the other provided with-a movable closure, a Wall surrounding the tubular member adjacent its open end and spaced therefrom, the end of the wall farthest from the open end being attached to the tubular member whereby an annular chamber is formed, a gas pipe in communication with the annular chamber,

a {ruste-conical detlector surrounding tbe tubular member at a point above the wall and spaced from the top of the latter whereby an annular opening is :formed for the escape of gas, a truste-conical member support- -ed above the frusto-conical deector and spaced :trom the latter, the truste-conical member having a central opening that is larger than the outside of the tubular member and a cover for closing the upper end of the truste-conical memberwhereby a chamber is formed about the open end of the tubular member, which serves as a preheating chamber for secondary air that enters through the tubular member and escapes through the opening between the trustogonical deiector and the truste-conical mem- 2. A gas burner comprising a central 'tubular member having one end open and the other provided with a movable closure, a wall 'surrounding the tubular member adjacent its open end and spaced therefrom, the end of the wall farthest from the open end being attached to the tubular member whereby an annular chamber is ormed, a gas pipe in communication with the annular chamber,

a frusto-conical deilector surrounding the tubular member at a point above the wall which serves as a preheating chamber tor auxiliary air that enters through the tubular member and escapes through the opening between the truste-conical deflector and the rusto-conical member and means for controlling the flow of air through the tubular member.

3. A gas burner comprising a central tubular member having one end open and the other provided with a movable closure, a Wall surrounding the tubular member adjacent its open end and spaced therefrom, the end of the wall farthest from the open end being attached to the tubular member whereby an annular' chamber is formed, a gas pipe in communication with the annular chamber, a truste-conical detlector surrounding the tubular member at a point above the wall and spaced from the top of the latterfwhere by an annular opening is formed for the escape of gas, a frusto-.conical member supported above the frustoconical deiector and spaced from the latter, the frustoconical member having a central opening that is larger than the outside of the tubular member, a cover for closing the upper end of the truste-conical member whereby a chamber is formed about the open end of the tubular member, which serves as a preheating cham- 'ber for secondary air that enters through the tubular member and escapes through the opening between the truste-conical deflector and the truste-conical member, means for supplying a mixture of air and gas to the gas pipe, means for controlling the air and gas mixture, a regulator for controlling the rlow of air through the tubular member and means for simultaneously varying the air and gas mixture and the amount of air that hows through the tubular, member.

4. A gas burner comprising an open ended larger in diameter than the outside diameter of the tubular member, a cover for closing 'the upper end of the frusto-conical member whereby a chamber is formed for preheating air and means for delivering a mixture of air and gas to the first-mentioned chamber.

5. A gas burner comprising an open ended tubular member provided with an annular chamber about its outer surface and adjacent the open end, the chamber being open at the end adjacent the open end of the tubular member and closed at the other end, agaspipe in communication with the chamber, means for supporting the tubular member in vertical position with its open end uppermost, the lower end of the tubular member having a movable closure, a frusto-conical deflector surrounding the tubular member between the annular chamber and the upper end of the tubular member, the lower surface of the deector being spaced a short distance from the upper edge of the wall of the chamber whereby an annular opening is produced for the escape of a combustible mixture of gas and air, a frusto-conical member located above the deflector and having its under surface spaced from the upper surface of the defiector, the frusto-conical member having a central opening somewhat larger in diameter than the outside diameter of the tubular member, a cover for closing the upper end of the frusto-conical member whereby a chamber is formed for preheating air, means for delivering a mixture of air and gas to the first mentioned chamber and means for simultaneously varying the gas and airmixture and the amount of air that flows through the tubular member.

.6. A gas burner comprising a central tubular member having one end open and the other provided with a movable closure, a wall surrounding the tubular member adjacent its open end and spaced therefrom, the end of the wall farthest from the open end being attached to the tubular member whereby an annular chamber is formed, a. gas pipe in communication with the annular chamber, a deflector having a substantially frustoconical surface surrounding the tubular member at a point above the wall and spaced from the top ofthe latter whereby an annular through which Vsecondary air may pass tothe interiorof the escaping gas.

7. A -gas burner comprising an open ended tubular member provided with an annular chamber about its outer surface and4 adjacent the open end, the chamber beingopen at lthe .end adjacenttheopen end of the tubularmember andclosed at the other end, a. gas

chamber and the upper end of the tubular member, the lower surface of the defiector being spaced a shortdistance from'the upper edge of the wall of the chamber whereby an annular opening. is produced forv the escape of a combustible-mixture of gas and air and a closure for the upper end ofthe delector whereby y a heating chamber is formed for heating secondary air, there being a passageway through said surface for the heated air to pass from the heating chamber to the inl side of the escaping air and gas mixture.

8. A gas bur-ner comprising an open ended tubular member provided with an annular chamber about its outer surfaceand adjacent the open end, the chamber being open at the end adjacent the open end Lof thetubular member and closed at the other end, a gas pipe in communication` with the chamber, means for supporting the tubular member in vertical position with its open end uppermost, the lower end of the tubular member having a movable. closure, a. deflector having a substantially frustAo-conicaly surface y surrounding the tubularmember between the an'- nular chamber and the upper end of the tubular member, the lower surface of the deflector being spaced acshort distance from the upper edge of the wall ofthe chamber whereby an annular opening is vproduced for the escape of a combustible mixture. of as and air, a closure lfor the upper. end o the deiiector whereby a heating chamber is formed for heating secondary air, there being a passage- .way through said surface for the heated air to pass from the heating chamber to the in- -v side of the escaping air and gas mixture, the upper surface of theclosurehaving a central upwardly projectin lug whose upper end has an outwardly extending iange and refractory deflector members supported on the closure and having portions extending underneath the flange to hold them in place. v

In testimon whereof I aix my signature.

GA TON BROWN KILLAM.

opening is formed for the escape of gas, and l a closure for the upper end of the deflector, the wall of the deflector having a passage 

